Apoptosis, cancer, via intrinseca, via extrinseca, resistencia a tratamiento, bcl 2, apo2ltrail. Metastasis is a crucial hallmark of cancer progression, which involves numerous factors including the degradation of the extracellular matrix ecm, the epithelialtomesenchymal transition emt, tumor angiogenesis, the development of an inflammatory tumor microenvironment, and defects in programmed cell death. Despite being the cause of problem, apoptosis plays an important role in the treatment of cancer as it is a popular target of many treatment strategies. It is used, in contrast to necrosis, to describe the situation in which a cell actively pursues a course toward death upon receiving certain stimuli. In addition, many apoptosisinducing drugs are currently being. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes and death. Given the dire effects of caspase activation, it is necessary that these two pathways remain closely regulated at each step. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, chromosomal dna fragmentation, and global vague mrna decay.
Pdf apoptosis is an ordered and orchestrated cellular process that occurs in physiological and pathological conditions. The term apoptosis is derived from the greek words and meaning dropping off and refers to the falling of leaves from trees in autumn. Apoptosis is the programmed cell death which maintains the healthy survivaldeath balance in metazoan cells. Apoptosis and colorectal cancer pubmed central pmc. Abnormalities in apoptotic function contribute to both the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Apoptosis, autophagy, necroptosis, and cancer metastasis. The role of apoptosis in cancer development and treatment. Apoptosis, the morphologically defined form of programmed cell death, is a cellular process that is of tremendous current interest to clinicians who study and treat cancer.
To gain insight into the functional status of the apoptosome apparatus in nonsmall cell. Defect in apoptosis can cause cancer or autoimmunity, while enhanced apoptosis may cause degenerative diseases. The inactivation of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, is central to the development of cancer. Ever since apoptosis was described by kerr et al in the.
This results in tumor cells that are resistant to any intrinsic apoptotic stimuli which includes some anticancer drugs 2. The apoptotic signals contribute into safeguarding the genomic integrity while defective apoptosis may promote carcinogenesis. Necroptosis is a regulated necrotic cell death modality in a caspaseindependent fashion and is mainly. Apoptosis and molecular targeting therapy in cancer. Damage to dna can render a cell useless, or even harmful to an organism. An understanding of the underlying mechanism of apoptosis is important as it plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Normalmente, cuando algo va mal en una celula, esta es rapidamente destruida por apoptosis. It is also one of the most studied topics among cell biologists. Apoptosis resistance is to a large extent a major obstacle leading to chemotherapy failure during cancer treatment. Bypassing the apoptotic pathway to induce cancer cell death is considered to be a promising approach to overcoming this problem. Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, evolved as a rapid and irreversible process to efficiently eliminate dysfunctional cells. Apoptosis is an ordered and orchestrated cellular process that occurs in physiological and pathological conditions. This disabling of apoptotic responses might be a major contributor both to treatment resistance. The role of necroptosis in cancer biology and therapy.
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